Gorna Sushitsa
Basic information
Sample name: Gorna Sushitsa
Reference: N. Spassov, D. Geraads, L. Hristova, and G. N. Markov. 2019. The late Miocene mammal fauna from Gorna Sushitsa, southwestern Bulgaria, and the early/middle Turolian transition. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 291(3):317-350 [ER 4009]
Geography
Country: Bulgaria
Coordinate: 41.555° N, 23.384° E
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Formation: Kalimantsi
Time interval: Late Miocene
Zone: MN12
Max Ma: 7.47
Min Ma: 7.31
Age basis: paleomag
Geography comments: in a "deep ravine" that "cuts through the Neogene sediments West of the village of Gorna Sushitsa"
there are 12 point localities spread across a short stretch of the ravine
separate faunal lists are given but (1) the entire section falls within a 0.16 myr interval according to Böhme et al. (2017), and (2) individual specimens aren't assigned to localities, so a single inventory has been entered
specifically dated at 7.47 to 7.31 Ma by Böhme et al. based on magnetostratigraphy
"The stratigraphically lowermost locality, GS2... could be an early Turolian one, very close to the lower/middle Turolian transition. The faunas from stratigraphically higher localities are characteristic of the Middle Turolian" (the middle Turolian is MN12)
"The thickness of the fossiliferous sediments in the studied part of the outcrop of the ravine is more than 50 m"
there are 12 point localities spread across a short stretch of the ravine
separate faunal lists are given but (1) the entire section falls within a 0.16 myr interval according to Böhme et al. (2017), and (2) individual specimens aren't assigned to localities, so a single inventory has been entered
specifically dated at 7.47 to 7.31 Ma by Böhme et al. based on magnetostratigraphy
"The stratigraphically lowermost locality, GS2... could be an early Turolian one, very close to the lower/middle Turolian transition. The faunas from stratigraphically higher localities are characteristic of the Middle Turolian" (the middle Turolian is MN12)
"The thickness of the fossiliferous sediments in the studied part of the outcrop of the ravine is more than 50 m"
Environment
Lithology: claystone
Taphonomic context: fluvial deposit
Habitat comments: "grey to whitish, greyish-green and yellowish sandy-clays and aleurite-clays, with intercalations by unsustained beds, interlayers and lenses represented by sands, gravel sands or aleurite-sandy-calyces of different thickness with alluvial-proluvial origin"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,primates,rodents,ungulates
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 116 specimens
Years: 2004, 2005
Sampling comments: there were initial surveys "in 2004-2005" and "Excavations in some of these localities were undertaken by us from 2005 onwards"
Metadata
Sample number: 4422
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Modifier no: John Alroy
Created: 2024-11-03 08:55:17
Modified: 2024-11-03 09:10:27
Abundance distribution
31 species
12 singletons
total count 116
geometric series index: 67.9
Fisher's α: 13.852
geometric series k: 0.9205
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.9400
Shannon's H: 3.0728
Good's u: 0.8970
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| †Hystrix primigenia | 1 | |
| †Mesopithecus pentelicus | 10 | |
| †Ictitherium cf. viverrinum | 1 | |
| †Plioviverrops orbignyi | 1 | |
| †Hyaenotherium ? magnum | 2 | |
| †Adcrocuta eximia | 4 | |
| †Metailurus major | 1 | |
| †Paramachaerodus orientalis | 1 | |
| †Machairodus aff. giganteus | 1 | |
| †Deinotherium gigantissimum | 1 | |
| Propotamochoerus sp. | 1 | |
| compared to | ||
| †Hippopotamodon major | 5 | |
| "Microstonyx erymanthius": see Kostopoulos and Sen (2016) | ||
| †Palaeotragus cf. rouenii | 3 | |
| †Bohlinia cf. attica | 5 | |
| Helladotherium sp. | 4 | |
| †Tragoportax amalthea | 12 | |
| 9 cranial specimens and 3 postcrania | ||
| †Pikermicerus gaudryi | 5 | |
| 3 cranial specimens and 2 postcrania questionably assigned | ||
| Palaeoryx sp. | 2 | |
| †Skoufotragus cf. laticeps | 1 | |
| †Palaeoreas lindermayeri | 12 | |
| †Prostrepsiceros rotundicornis | 1 | |
| †Gazella cf. capricornis | 1 | |
| Gazella sp. B | 3 | |
| †Oioceros rothi | 2 | |
| †Cremohipparion mediterraneum | 3 | |
| possibly also represented by postcrania | ||
| †Hippotherium brachypus | 7 | |
| Chilotherium sp. | 6 | |
| Acerorhinus sp. | 1 | |
| †Ceratotherium neumayri | 12 | |
| questionably referred | ||
| Anisodon sp. | 3 | |
| questionably referred | ||
| †Ancylotherium pentelicum | 4 | |